Well-sinking machine



(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 1.'

G. A. OVERTON & O. E. INGERSOLL.

WELL SINKING MACHINE.

No. 394,719. Patented Dec. 18, 1888.

WITNESSES INVENTOR Q2 2. M we ATTORNEYS.

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(No Model.) 2 SheetsS heet 2.

G. A. OVERTON 82; O. E. INGERSOLL.

WELL SINKING MACHINE.

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' UNITED. STATES PATENT OFFICE.

CHESTER A. OVERTOI\ AND OSCAR E. INGERSOLL, OF BLISS, NEBRASKA.

WELL-SINKING MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 394,719, dated December18, 1888.

Application filed November 26, 1887. Serial No. 256,210. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, CHESTER A. OVERTON and OSCAR .E. INGERSOLL, both ofBliss, in the county of lYheeler and State of Nebraska, have invented anew and Improved Vell- Sinking Machine, of which the following is afull, clear, and exact description.

The object of our invention is to provide a new and improved wellsinkingmachine which is simple and durable in construction and permits ofsinking a well very rapidly.

The invention consists of a specially-constructed sliding support forthe tubing of a drilling-tool and a perforated pipe forming part of theboring-tube and covered by a shell adapted to be cut and raised afterthe well is sunk to the proper depth.

The invention also consists of certain parts and details andcombinations of the same, as will be fully described hereinafter, andthen pointed out in the claims.

Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part ofthis specification, in which similar letters of reference indicatecorresponding parts in -all the figures.

Figure 1 is a perspective view of our improvement. Fig. 2 is an enlargedside elevation of the drilling-tool and connections. Fig. 3 is an endelevation of the same with the shell drawn upward. l is an enlargedperspective View, partly in section, of the tubing-support.

Our improved well-sinking machine is provided with a derrick, A,preferably of the construction shown in Fig. l, in which it is composedof three posts, B, 13, and B of suitable length and connected togetheron the top. The two posts B and ll are provided with the rungs B so asto form a ladder to enable the operator to climb up to the top of thederrick whenever necessary. One of the rungs B is connected by ahorizontal rod, B, with the post B and the said rod B extends about themiddle of the derrick A.

On the rod B and the upper end of the post B is secured a verticalguide-rod, C, preferably square in cross-section, as shown in Figs. 1and at. On the guide-rod C is held to slide the tubing-support D,consisting of the bands D and D encircling the guiderod C and connectedwith each other in front by the vertical arm D provided with the lugsD", supporting a pin, D", on which is hung a hook, E, secured to one endof a rope, E, extending upward and passing over a sheave, F, held on theupper end of the derrick A. The rope E, after passing over the sheave F,extends downward and is wound upon a drum of a windlass, G, of anyapproved construction, and mounted on the posts B and B near the lowerends.

On the bolt D on the sliding support D is also held a clevis, ll,)assing around a pipe, I, having at its upper end the bent part I,connected with one end of a flexible tube, J, leading to a force-pump,K, of any approved construction. The pipe I passes through a cap, L,screwing onto a short pipe or cylinder, L, screwing onto a coupling, Lon which is also secured the upper end of the well-tubing N.

On the extreme lower end of the pipe I is formed a flange or collar, 1held between the upper edge of the tubing N and the lower edge of thecylinder L. The latter, as well as the cap L, are filled with a suitablepacking material, L which surrounds the pipe I and rests on the collar LThe pipe I is thus held to turn freely in the cap L and discharges intothe tubing N, at the same time preventing a leaking of the water fromthe tubing upward through the cylinder L and cap L on account of thepacking L.

The lowest section of the boring-tubing N is formed by a perforatedpipe, I, having a wire-gauze, I, on its inner side and an imperforateshell on its outer side, to be presently described. The lower end of thedrilling-tube section or pipe P is connected by the coupling P with thetool-supporting pipe Q, having in its lower end a dian'ietrical slot, Q,into which fits the shank R of the drillingtool R, secured by a bolt, S,to the said lower end of the supporting-pipe Q.

The drillingtool R is provided at its lower end with the cutting edges Rdiverging slightly upwardly and being bent in opposite direction, asshown in Fig. 3.

WVhen the well is being sunk, then the perforated water-inlet pipe P iscovered on its outside by a closely-fitting shell, T, preferably of tin,and provided on its upper end with a funnel, T, commencing at its lowestsmall est end, a short distance below the bottom end of the coupling N,which prevents an upward movement of the shell T, as thelatteris'somewhat less in diameter than the coupling N On the upper end of thefunnel T is held a ring, T and on the lower edgc'ofthe shell T are helddiametrically opposite each other the hook-knives U, secured to the endof a wire or rope, U, extending upward between the shell T and the pipeP. The rope'U passes into an aperture, N formed in the upper end of thelowest section, N, of the tubing N, and then horizontally through thesection N and out of a second aperture, N placed opposite the aperture NThe part U of the wire or rope U in the section N can be engaged by ahook, V, secured to a rope, V, passed down the tubing N from the upperend on the surface of the ground.

The operation is as follows: A section of the tubing N is screwed ontothe coupling L and is then raised into a vertical position by operatingthe Windlass G, so that the rope E is wound up on the drum of theWindlass G. The tubing-support D is thus caused to slide upward on theguide-rod 0 until the section hangs vertical, and can nowbe secured tothe top section of the tubing already in the ground. The operator nowstarts the forcepump K, so that the water passes up through the flexibletube J into the swiveled pipe I, and from the latter flows into thetubing N. The latter is now turned by means of tongs or wrenches, sothat the drilling-tool R cuts with its cutting-edges R the ground whichis loosened by the water passing down the tubing N and thetool-supporting pipe Q and out of the, latter at its lowest end onto thedrillingtooland the ground, the shell serving to prevent the water frompassing out through the lower section or pipe, P, of the tubing. hen thewell is sunk to the proper depth, then the operator lets the rope V,carrying the hook V, down in the tubing N until the hook engages thepart U of the wire or rope U. The operator then pulls the rope V up wardthrough the apertures N 3 and N, so that the cuttinghooks U, held 011the lower edges of the shell T, cut the latter in two parts, asillustrated in Fig. 3. The hooks U in their upward cutting motionfinally engage the ring T which resists cutting, so that a further pullon the rope V lifts the two halves of the shell T upward and above thewater-inlet pipe P, so that the apertures P in the latter are uncovered,and water from the water-vein can freely pass into'the said pipe and upthrough the tubing N to the surface of the ground.

Having thus fully describedour invention, we claim as new and desire tosecure by Letters Patent' 1. In a well-sinking machine, the combinatienef a perforated section or pipe of the drill-tubing with a tubular shellclosing said perforations and adapted to be forced from over theperforations from above ground, substantially as set forth.

2. In a well-sinking'machine, the combination, with aperforateddrill-tubing section or pipe, of a shell held on the outsidethereof and hook-knives engaging the lower edge of the said shell andadapted to cut the latter, substantially as shown and described.

3. In a well-sinking machine, the combination, with a perforateddrill-tubing section or pipe, of a shell held on the outside thereof,hook-knives engaging the lower edge of the said shell and adapted to cutthe latter, and a wire or rope supporting the said hookknives andadapted to be pulled upward, substantially as shown and described.

4. In a well-sinking machine, the combination, with the tubing having aperforated section or pipe held on its lower end, of a shell surroundingthe said section or pipe, hook-v knives held on the lower edge of thesaid shell, a wire or rope connected by its ends with the saidhook-knives and extending upward and through the lower section of thetubing, and a rope carrying a hook passed down the tubing and adapted toengage the said wire or rope, substantially as shown and described.

5. In a well-sinkin g machine, the combination, with the tubing having aperforated section or pipe held on its lower end, and means for closingthe perforations to prevent the exit of the hydraulic column, of atool-supporting pipe held on the lower end 'of the said perforated pipeand provided with a diametric'al slot, a drilling-tool having thediverging cutting-edges R projecting beyond the sides of itssupporting-pipe and engaging with its shank the said slot, and a boltfor fastening the said drilling-tool immovably in said slot,substantially as shown and described.

6. In a well-sinkingmachine, the combination, with the well-tubing, of acylinder c011- nected with the upper end of the well-tubing,

1 a cap held on the upper end of thesaid cylinder, a pipe extendingthrough the said cap and cylinder, provided at its lower end with acollar held between the lower edge of the cylinder and the upper edge ofthe said well-tubing, and a packing surrounding the said tube in thesaid cylinder and cap, substantially as shown and described.

7. In a well-sinking machine, the combination, with the well-tubing, ofa cylinder connected with the upper end of the well-tubing, a cap held011 the upper end of the said cylinder, a pipe extending through thesaid cap and cylinder, provided at its lower end with a collar heldbetween the lower edge of the cylinder and the upper edge of the saidwelltubing, a packing surrounding the said tube in the said cylinder andcap, a flexible tube connected with the outer bent end of the saidsaidflexible tube, substantially as shown and described.

8. The combination, in a Well-drilling machine in which hydraulic forceis used, with the drill-tubing having perforations just above the tool,of a vertically-movable severable sleeve closing the said perforationsagainst the outflow of the hydraulic column, substantially as setforth.

CHESTER A. OVERTON. OSCAR E. INGERSOLL. \Yitnesses:

JOHN C. HEALD, C. THEDE.

